Apparatus for converting fats, oils, and fish-oils into like bodies of higher melting-points.



M. WILBUSCHBWITSCH.

APPARATUS PoR ooNvBRTmG PATs, ous, AND FISH ons INT0 LIKE noms op HIGHERMELTING POINTS.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 3, 1912. 1,079,278. Patented Nov. 18, 1913.

/NJENTU q iQ/ag srn'rn FFICE.

ATENT APPARATUS FOR CONVERTIN'G F'ATS, OILS, ND FISH-'GILS INTO LIKEBODIES 0F -HIGHER MELTING-POINTS.

Specification of Letters Patent. Original application filed January 12,1911, Serial No. 602,322.

Patented Nov. 18, 1913. Divided and this application filed January 3,l1912. Serial No. 669,177.

To all who/m it may concern.'

Be it known that I, Mosn WILBUsoI-IE Wrrson, a subject of the Czar ofRussia, and resident of N ischninovgorod, Kanavino,

Russia, ha-ve invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatusfor Converting Fats, Oils, and Fish-Gils into like Bodies of HigherMelting-Points, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to an aparatus for lcheaply and simplyconverting iiats, oils, fish oils and the like into fats of highermelting oints, that is to sa an `apparatus for o taining fats and ois ofcomparativel higher value from the cheaper kine s, and com rises meansfor mixing the fat or oil wit a catalyst very intimately and directingagainst this mixture in a verl finely subdivided state in an autoclaveunter pressure, hydrogen or a gas containing hydrogen. By this means aremarkably intimate contact of the hydrogen with the finely subdividedintimate mixture of fat and catalyst is obtained. And by means of theapparatus a comparatively low temper'ature suiiices for the conversionof the fat.

The invention consists further of the combination of parts com rising areservoir for the fat, and an autoc ave for the catalyst, and means formixing the fat and catalyst, and means for separating the oil from thecatalyst, cooperatively connected to obtain oil of higher melting Y ointthan the oil or fat initially introduced) into the apparatus.

The accompanying drawing represents a vertical longitudinal sectionthrough the whole apparatus.

Referring to the drawings, the vessel R is adapted t0 contain the fat tobe treated and the vessel O is adapted to contain the catalyst which isa fluid resembling emulsion. Differentially connected pumps A A feed theoil and the catalyst in the mixing device B in which an intimate mixtureof the oil and the catalyst is obtained. This mixture passes through vapipe Gr and the valve H into an autoclave J which is pro'- vided with adouble-heating jacket andi shapedconically at its lower part. At theupper part, the autoclave is provided with a spraying device C whichconsists of a plurality of spraying nozzles which are so arranged thatthe oil and catalyst are uniformly scattered in finely subdividedcondition throughout the whole inner space of theautoclave. Thesespraying nozzles are preferably interchangeable for the purpose offacilitating the cleaning of the saine. A compressor K forces hydrogenwhich is used for the reduction into the autoclave, the hydrogen passingthrough a. pipe, under apressure of about 9 atmospheres. The pipe Xextends from the u per part of the autoclave downwardly to tlie lowerend of the same and is provided at its lower end in the conical lowerpart of the autoclave with an admission nozzle D which is preferablyconstructed on the injector' principle and .provided with an yinteriorperfo rated tubular portieri having au outwardly flaring nozzle at itsupper end and a jacket surrounding the tube and connected with the pipeX. By this arrangement an extremely intimate contact and aneinulsiication of the oil mixture with the hydrogen is achieved on thecountercurrcnt and continuous current principle. The autoclave is heatedto between 10G-1G00 centigradc according to the nature of the oil undertreatment. The reduction by the hydrogen begins at the upper part of theautoclave. The partially reduced oil mixture collects in the conicalpart of the autoclave and is sprayed in the form of a fountain throughthe autoclave by the incoming hydrogen, whereby the reduction isaccelerated. The mixture is then pumped `by pump E into the secondautoclave J. The hydrogen enters this autoclave through pipe Y and theaction of the lirst autoclave is repeated. Any number of such autoclavescan be arranged in series or parallel to each other in accordance withthe extent of reduction required. It is generally suitable to use oneautoclave for each increase of melting point by l5O C. When the oil hasattained the desired melt-ing point which i's ascertained by sampleswithdrawn from thc autoclaves, the oil mixture is withdrawn through thevalve U into the centrifugal apparatus F.

The centrifugal action of this apparatus separates the oil from thecatalyst. The linished reduced oil flows into the reservoir N while thecatalyst is returned through the pipe R and valves S and T to thevessels O `and P. At first when the catalyst is still quite fresh only alittle of it is necessary, 1% may be advantageously used. Vhen,

part of said autoclave, an upwardly-di- 'In testimony, that I claim theforegoing rected adnusslon nozzle for gases 1n the as my invention, Ihave signed my name 1n said comcal lower part of the autoclave presenceof two subscrlblng witnesses.

adapted to spray the material collected in MUSE WILBUSLHENVITSCH. saidconical lower part back into the body of Witnesses: the autoclave, andmeans for supplying Bonomi-I Loi",

gases under pressure to said nozzles. Muun'ii'rsou Tian-OGANNESSIAN.

